Challenges and needs for system-level electrochemical lithium-ion battery management and diagnostics

Abstract The desire for energy-dense and fast-charged battery technology in consumer electronics, electric vehicle, grid, aviation applications is pushing the envelope from materials to cell pack designs. However, some approaches could inherently decrease safety of battery—thus requiring development advanced management diagnostics. Safety lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), particularly multicell configurations, highly variable evolve with use. Existing works primarily focus on life diagnostics without considering module pack-level uncertainties sometimes imply that cell-level electrochemical would work modules or packs, a naive oversimplification. Using example case studies, we highlight potential challenges associated extending single-cell multiple cells, note existing gaps, motivate research, development, support communities devote efforts fill gap by developing at these levels current- future-generation LiBs.